Sued by Portfolio Recovery Associates in Kentucky? Here's What to Do Next

2015 · consent order

$27M total ($19M consumer refunds + $8M civil penalty)

CFPB found that PRA collected on unsubstantiated debt, filed misleading affidavits in debt-collection lawsuits, misrepresented its intent to prove debts if contested, and sued consumers on time-barred debts.

CFPB source

2023 · consent order

$24M+ total ($12.18M consumer redress + $12M civil penalty)

CFPB found that PRA violated the 2015 order by continuing to collect on unsubstantiated debt, suing without required documentation, suing on time-barred debt, and failing to investigate consumer disputes in its credit reporting.

CFPB source

Statute of Limitations Defense

In Kentucky, the statute of limitations for credit card debt is 5 years. If your last payment was more than 5 years ago, the debt is time-barred. Portfolio Recovery Associates has been the subject of CFPB findings related to suing on time-barred debts — check your dates carefully and raise the SOL defense in your Answer.

Lack of Standing / Chain of Title

As a debt buyer, Portfolio Recovery Associates must prove they actually purchased your specific account. Demand the complete chain of title — the purchase agreement, bill of sale, and assignment documents. In Kentucky courts, failing to produce this documentation can result in dismissal.

Challenge the Amount

Demand a complete accounting from the original creditor's last statement through the current claimed balance. Any unauthorized fees, post-charge-off interest, or collection costs not in the original agreement should be disputed line by line.

Kentucky Wage Garnishment Exemptions

Federal limits apply. 75% of disposable earnings exempt.

Kentucky Consumer Protection Act

In addition to the federal FDCPA, Kentucky's Kentucky Consumer Protection Act may provide additional protections and remedies against Portfolio Recovery Associates's collection practices.

Kentucky Court System

Small claims limit $2,500. Circuit court handles most civil cases. Filing fees in Kentucky typically range $40-$200.

Who is Portfolio Recovery Associates?

Portfolio Recovery Associates (PRA) is a major debt buyer owned by PRA Group, Inc. They purchase defaulted consumer debts from banks and credit card companies and pursue collection through calls, letters, credit reporting, and lawsuits.

Has PRA been in trouble with regulators?

Yes. In 2015, the CFPB ordered PRA Group to pay $108 million for using litigation tactics that violated the law, including suing consumers without verifying debts and collecting debts that were not owed.

Can I beat a PRA lawsuit?

Yes. Many PRA lawsuits can be successfully defended by challenging their standing to sue, demanding proof of the chain of title, raising statute of limitations defenses, and challenging the accuracy of the amount claimed.

What should I do if PRA contacts me?

Request debt validation in writing within 30 days of their first contact. Do not acknowledge the debt or make any payments, as this could restart the statute of limitations in some states. Consider consulting with a consumer rights attorney.

Can PRA garnish my bank account?

Only after obtaining a court judgment. If PRA sues you and you do not respond, they will get a default judgment that allows wage garnishment and bank levies in most states. Filing your Answer is the critical first step to prevent this.

How long to respond in Kentucky?

20 days from service.

What is the SOL for credit card debt?

5 years. Written contracts have a 15-year SOL.

Can wages be garnished?

Yes. Federal limits apply.

Where are debt cases filed?

Small claims up to $2,500. Circuit court for most debt cases.

How long can a creditor sue me for unpaid credit-card debt in Kentucky?

Kentucky's statute of limitations is 10 years for written contracts under KRS § 413.090, although a 2014 amendment shortened the SOL to six years for written contracts entered into on or after July 15, 2014 under KRS § 413.160. For credit-card debt, most Kentucky courts apply the six-year limit if the account was opened on or after July 15, 2014, or the older 15-year limit for very old written agreements. Oral contracts and open accounts are five years under KRS § 413.120. The clock starts on the date of the last payment. If you are sued after the limitations period, statute of limitations is an affirmative defense you must plead in your answer under Kentucky Civil Rule 8.03 or you waive it. Filing a time-barred suit can support an FDCPA counterclaim under 15 U.S.C. § 1692e(2) and a Kentucky Consumer Protection Act claim under KRS § 367.170.

How much can be garnished from my Kentucky paycheck?

Kentucky wage-garnishment law at KRS § 427.010 follows the federal Consumer Credit Protection Act limit at 15 U.S.C. § 1673. The creditor can take the lesser of 25 percent of weekly disposable earnings or the amount by which weekly disposable earnings exceed 30 times the federal minimum wage. Disposable earnings means gross pay minus required deductions like federal and state income tax, FICA, and Medicare. Child support, alimony, and federal student-loan garnishments follow different and higher percentages. Social Security, SSI, VA benefits, unemployment, workers compensation, and most retirement income are exempt under federal law and KRS § 427.150. After the wage-garnishment order is served, you can file a claim of exemption with the court to preserve protected wages or to claim hardship under KRS § 425.526.

Can a Kentucky debt collector take my home?

Kentucky's homestead exemption at KRS § 427.060 is relatively low at $5,000 per debtor (or $10,000 for a married couple) compared to other states. If you have substantial equity in your home, a judgment creditor can record the judgment under KRS § 426.720 to create a lien against your real estate and eventually force a sale, although such forced sales of primary residences are rare for moderate consumer debts. The homestead exemption protects the first $5,000 of equity from forced sale. Federal Social Security and VA benefits, retirement accounts, and disability income deposited into bank accounts remain protected under federal law and Kentucky's exemption statute at KRS § 427.150. If you face a foreclosure-style execution, consult a Kentucky attorney quickly because the procedure under KRS Chapter 426 has tight deadlines.

Is the debt collector licensed in Kentucky?

Kentucky regulates collection agencies through the Department of Financial Institutions, and collection agencies must register and meet bonding requirements under KRS Chapter 286. Unlicensed activity can support an affirmative defense in a collection lawsuit and a Kentucky Consumer Protection Act claim under KRS § 367.170. You can verify whether a collector is registered by contacting the Kentucky Department of Financial Institutions at 502-573-3390 or searching its online licensee database. If a collector is not licensed, you can complain to DFI and to the Kentucky Attorney General Consumer Protection Office at 1-888-432-9257. Combining the unlicensed-activity argument with a federal FDCPA claim under 15 U.S.C. § 1692e(5) for threatening action the collector cannot legally take strengthens the defense significantly.

What is the process if I am sued in Kentucky district court for a debt?

If you are sued in Kentucky district court for an amount up to $5,000 under KRS § 24A.120, you must file a written answer within 20 days of service under Kentucky Civil Rule 12.01, or appear at the trial date listed on the summons if proceeding under small-claims rules. In your answer, deny the allegations you do not know to be true, demand strict proof of the chain of assignment from the original creditor, and assert affirmative defenses including statute of limitations under KRS § 413.160, lack of standing of the assignee, and any Kentucky Consumer Protection Act counterclaim under KRS § 367.170 or FDCPA counterclaim under 15 U.S.C. § 1692k. The Kentucky Court of Justice provides fillable forms for self-represented litigants through the AOC. Default judgment is entered automatically under Kentucky Civil Rule 55 if you do not respond on time.