Sued by Encore Capital Group in Mississippi? Here's What to Do Next

2015 · consent order

$52M+ total ($42M consumer refunds + $10M CFPB civil money penalty), plus order to stop collection on $125M+ in debts

CFPB consent order against Encore Capital Group, Midland Funding, Midland Credit Management, and Asset Acceptance finding the companies attempted to collect debts they didn't own or that were inaccurate, relied on robo-signed affidavits in court, and pressured consumers with misrepresentations about lawsuits. The order required documentation before filing suit and disclosures when collecting on time-barred debt.

CFPB source

2020 · lawsuit settled

$15M CFPB civil money penalty + $79,308.81 consumer redress; extended 2015 order conduct provisions for five additional years

CFPB filed suit and reached a stipulated settlement finding Encore and its subsidiaries violated the 2015 consent order by suing consumers without possessing required documentation, failing to provide required disclosures when consumers requested loan documentation, and suing on debts whose statutes of limitations had expired in violation of the FDCPA and CFPA.

CFPB source

Statute of Limitations Defense

In Mississippi, the statute of limitations for credit card debt is 3 years. If your last payment was more than 3 years ago, the debt is time-barred. Encore Capital Group has been the subject of CFPB findings related to suing on time-barred debts — check your dates carefully and raise the SOL defense in your Answer.

Lack of Standing / Chain of Title

As a debt buyer, Encore Capital Group must prove they actually purchased your specific account. Demand the complete chain of title — the purchase agreement, bill of sale, and assignment documents. In Mississippi courts, failing to produce this documentation can result in dismissal.

Challenge the Amount

Demand a complete accounting from the original creditor's last statement through the current claimed balance. Any unauthorized fees, post-charge-off interest, or collection costs not in the original agreement should be disputed line by line.

Mississippi Wage Garnishment Exemptions

75% of disposable earnings or 30x minimum wage exempt.

Mississippi Consumer Protection Act

In addition to the federal FDCPA, Mississippi's Mississippi Consumer Protection Act may provide additional protections and remedies against Encore Capital Group's collection practices.

Mississippi Court System

Justice court handles cases up to $3,500. County and circuit courts for larger amounts. Filing fees in Mississippi typically range $40-$250.

What is Encore Capital Group?

Encore Capital Group is the largest publicly traded debt buyer in the U.S. They own LVNV Funding LLC and Midland Credit Management. If you are sued by either, Encore is the parent company.

Has the CFPB taken action against Encore?

Yes. The CFPB has ordered Encore subsidiaries to pay millions in fines and restitution for illegal debt collection practices including suing without proper documentation and collecting on time-barred debts.

Can I sue Encore Capital Group?

You would typically sue the subsidiary that contacted you (LVNV Funding or Midland Credit Management), but in some cases the parent company may also be liable for directing illegal collection practices.

How does Encore get my debt?

Encore purchases portfolios of thousands of defaulted accounts from banks and credit card companies, usually for 3-5 cents per dollar. They then attempt to collect the full original balance plus interest and fees.

How long to respond in Mississippi?

30 days from service.

What is the SOL in Mississippi?

3 years for all contract types. This is one of the shortest in the country.

Can wages be garnished?

Yes. Federal limits apply.

Where are cases filed?

Justice court up to $3,500. County or circuit court for larger claims.

Can a debt collector garnish my wages in Mississippi?

Mississippi has unusually strong limits on wage garnishment for consumer debt. The state generally restricts wage garnishment to a 30-day period at a time, requires the creditor to follow strict statutory procedures under Miss. Code § 11-35-1 et seq., and exempts the first 30 days of wages from any single garnishment. After that, the federal cap of 25% of disposable earnings applies, and Mississippi follows the federal floor. Several categories of income are fully exempt: Social Security, SSI, VA, unemployment, workers' compensation, and most public assistance. The practical effect is that Mississippi consumer-debt wage garnishment is less common and more cumbersome than in many states. Collectors more often pursue bank-account seizure or property liens. If you are facing garnishment, file a claim of exemption with the court that issued the order, and consider whether the underlying judgment can be challenged - particularly for lack of service or expired SOL. Mississippi Center for Justice and several legal aid offices help low-income consumers with collection defense.

What is the statute of limitations on credit-card debt in Mississippi?

Mississippi's SOL on credit-card and open-account debt is generally 3 years under Miss. Code Ann. § 15-1-29 ("actions on open account or stated account"). Some courts apply the 3-year limit, others apply the 6-year SOL for written contracts under § 15-1-49, depending on whether the underlying cardholder agreement is treated as a written contract. The conservative read is 3 years for credit-card open-account debt - that is the position taken by the Fifth Circuit and many Mississippi courts. The clock runs from the date of last payment or last activity. Mississippi follows the rule that partial payment can restart the SOL, so do not pay anything on an old debt without first confirming the dates. If a collector sues on a time-barred debt, plead the SOL as an affirmative defense in your answer - failure to plead it can waive the defense. Suing on a time-barred debt is also a federal FDCPA violation, so a stale suit can give rise to a counterclaim for statutory damages and attorney's fees.

How do I file a complaint against a Mississippi collector?

Start with the Mississippi Attorney General's Consumer Protection Division at (601) 359-3680 or consumer@ago.ms.gov. The AG's office mediates between consumers and businesses and can pursue enforcement against patterns of misconduct. Under Miss. Code § 75-24-15, you must give the AG's office an opportunity to mediate before filing a private suit under the Mississippi Consumer Protection Act. The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (consumerfinance.gov/complaint) also accepts complaints against debt collectors and forwards them to the collector for response. For federal FDCPA violations, you can sue without an exhaustion requirement - just file in federal or state court within one year of the violation (15 U.S.C. § 1692k(d)). Document every contact: keep voicemails, save letters and texts, write down dates and times of calls. That documentation supports both the AG complaint and any private suit. Many Mississippi consumer attorneys take FDCPA cases on a fee-shifting basis - if you win, the collector pays your lawyer.

Do collection agencies need a Mississippi license?

Mississippi does not have a general state license requirement for collection agencies the way many other states (Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, etc.) do. The Mississippi Secretary of State requires registration of business entities operating in the state, and certain specific debt types (like mortgage servicers) have separate regulation, but there is no Mississippi "collection agency license" that controls who can collect consumer debt. The practical consequence: out-of-state collectors freely operate in Mississippi, and licensing-based defenses available in other states are not available here. Mississippi consumers rely primarily on federal FDCPA, federal CFPB Regulation F (12 CFR Part 1006), and the Mississippi Consumer Protection Act to challenge abusive collection. The lack of state licensing makes it more important to document violations carefully and pursue them aggressively. If you are dealing with an out-of-state collector, focus on FDCPA violations - false statements, harassment, contact-frequency abuse, validation failures, suit on time-barred debt - which apply nationwide regardless of state licensing.

What happens if a Mississippi hospital sends my bill to collections?

Medical debt is a leading source of collection action in Mississippi. Once a hospital sends the bill to a third-party collection agency, the federal FDCPA applies in full - validation rights, contact limits, prohibition on harassment, false statements, etc. As of recent CFPB rules and major credit-bureau policy changes, medical collections under $500 cannot be reported, paid medical collections must come off your credit report, and unpaid medical collections are delayed for one year before they can appear. The federal No Surprises Act (in effect since 2022) protects against certain surprise out-of-network bills, especially in emergency situations. Many Mississippi hospitals are nonprofit and subject to federal 501(r) financial-assistance rules, meaning they are required to offer charity-care policies; if you were not told about that policy or denied assistance, the bill may be challengeable. Before paying any medical collection, demand written validation, check for insurance errors, ask whether you were screened for financial assistance, and verify the dates against the 3-year SOL (or 6 years for written contracts under § 15-1-49).